To ensure long-term stable operation, systematic periodic maintenance is required: monthly check status indicators (green normal, red failure) and enclosure temperature under 60℃; quarterly clean dust with dry tools only and inspect for cracks or arc marks; annually test electrical performance (insulation resistance over 1MΩ, leakage current under 1mA, residual voltage under 1.5kV) and grounding (resistance under 4Ω, terminal tightness), and calibrate environment (temperature -40°C to +70°C, humidity under 80%). Replace with OEM modules immediately after over 10 surges, over 5 years (standard) or 3 years (high-lightning/coastal areas), or MOV/GDT degradation. No disassembly by non-professionals. Record data and replacement dates per IEC 61643-11/GB 18802.1 for continuous protection of industrial power and renewable systems.